Which essential clause in a deed translates as "to have and to hold"?

The correct answer is B, which refers to the habendum clause. This clause is significant in real estate transactions as it specifies the extent of ownership and the rights of the grantee over the property being conveyed. The phrase "to have and to hold" explicitly outlines that the grantee has the right to possess and enjoy the property.

This is important because without a well-defined habendum clause, the interests being conveyed may be unclear, potentially leading to disputes over property rights in the future. The habendum clause typically follows the granting clause, which states the intent to convey property and serves to clarify and solidify the nature of the property's ownership.

The other options do not pertain to the essence of property transfer in the same way. For example, the post granting clause typically details limitations or conditions related to the grant. Ad Valorem relates to the value assessment of property for taxation purposes, while quid pro quo pertains to a mutual exchange in an agreement. None of these options encompass the critical message of possession and rights inherent in the habendum clause.